Indications

Urinary
• urinary tract infections (UTI)
• urethritis

Gastrointestinal
• colic
• dyspepsia
• halitosis

Gynecological
• regulates menstrual cycles
- dysmenorrhea
- amenorrhea

Actions

• Diuretic
• Carminative
• Urianry antiseptic
• Antispasmodic
• Emmenagogue
• Hypotensive
• Expectorant
• Abortifacient

Constituents

• Volatile Oil
• Phenylpropanoids (Apiole, Myristicin)
• Furanocoumarin (Psoralen, Bergapten)
• Flavonoids

Posology

• Tincture (1:5 in 40% EtOH): 1-2 ml tid
• Infusion (fresh or dried herb): 1-2 tsp tid

Safety

Contraindications: Pregnancy (uterine stimulant).

Side effects: Photosensitization may occur due to furanocoumarins.

References

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Barnes J, Anderson LA, Phillipson JD. Herbal Medicines, 3rd ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press, 2007.

Bone K. Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2000.

Bone K. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs: Herbal Formulations for the Individual Patient. St Louis, MO: Churchill Livingstone, 2003.

Brinker F. The Toxicology of Botanical Medicines, 3rd ed. Sandy, Oregon: Eclectic Medical Publications, 2000.

Felter HW, Lloyd JU. King's American Dispensatory. 1898. http://www.ibiblio.org/herbmed/eclectic/kings/main.html. Accessed: August 19, 2006.

Hoffman D. Medical Herbalism. Rochester, Vermont: Healing Arts Press, 2003.

Weiss RF. Herbal Medicine. Beaconsfield, England: Beaconsfield Publishers Ltd, 1988.

Williamson EM, ed. Major Herbs of Ayurveda. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2002